Which case is known for establishing the standard for stops based on reasonable suspicion?

The case that established the standard for stops based on reasonable suspicion is Terry v. Ohio. In this landmark decision, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that law enforcement officers are allowed to stop and briefly detain a person if they have a reasonable suspicion that the individual is involved in criminal activity. This standard is less stringent than the probable cause standard required for obtaining a warrant or making an arrest, allowing police officers to take proactive measures to prevent crime.

Terry v. Ohio outlines the importance of the officer’s experience and the specific circumstances that lead to a reasonable suspicion. This ruling permits "stop and frisk" procedures, enabling officers to pat down individuals for weapons for their safety and the safety of others when they suspect a threat. Thus, this case is foundational in balancing individual rights with public safety in the context of law enforcement.